struts2 数据校验 | 红颜丽人

struts2 数据校验。

一. ActionSupport是个工具类，他实现了Action, Validatable等接口, Validatable提供validate()方法进行数据验证．Ａction只要继承ActionSupport类，重写validate()方法就可以进行数据验证

二. 校验的流程首先,Struts框价对输入数据进行类型转换,然后再进行数据校验,如果类型转换与数据校验都没有错误发生, 就进入execute(),否则请求将被转发到input视图

三. 注册实例首先新建RegistAcion.java

Java代码

package com;
import java.util.Date;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class RegistAction extends ActionSupport {
private String userName;
private Integer age;
private Date birthday;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println(“注册成功”);
return SUCCESS;
}
@Override
public void validate() {
if(“”.equals(userName)){
addFieldError(“userName”, “username is empty”);
}
if(null != age){
if(1 > age || 150 < age){
addFieldError(“age”, “age invalid”);
}
}
}
}

package com;

import java.util.Date;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class RegistAction extends ActionSupport {

	private String userName;

	private Integer age;

	private Date birthday;

	public String getUserName() {

		return userName;

	}

	public void setUserName(String userName) {

		this.userName = userName;

	}

	public Integer getAge() {

		return age;

	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {

		this.age = age;

	}

	public Date getBirthday() {

		return birthday;

	}

	public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {

		this.birthday = birthday;

	}

	@Override

	public String execute() throws Exception {

		System.out.println("注册成功");

		return SUCCESS;

	}

	@Override

	public void validate() {

		if("".equals(userName)){

			addFieldError("userName", "username is empty");

		}

		if(null != age){

			if(1 > age || 150 < age){

				addFieldError("age", "age invalid");

			}

		}

	}

}

配置Action

Xml代码

<action name=”regist” class=”com.RegistAction” method=”regist”>
<result name=”success”>/welcome.jsp</result>
<result name=”input”>/regist.jsp</result>
</action>

<action name="regist" method="regist">

      <result name="success">/welcome.jsp</result>

      <result name="input">/regist.jsp</result>

 </action>

接着是注册页面和注册成功页面

regist.jsp

Html代码

<body>
<form action=”regist.action” method=”post”>
<s:fielderror></s:fielderror>
<table>
<tr>
<td>userName:</td>
<td>
<input type=”text” name=”userName”>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>age:</td>
<td>
<input type=”text” name=”age”>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>birthday:</td>
<td>
<input type=”text” name=”birthday”>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan=”2″>
<s:submit value=”注册”></s:submit>
</td>
</tr>
</form>
</body>

<body>

  	<form action="regist.action" method="post">

  		<s:fielderror></s:fielderror>

  		<table>

  			<tr>

  				<td>userName:</td>

  				<td>

  					<input type="text" name="userName">

  				</td>

  			</tr>

  			<tr>

  				<td>age:</td>

  				<td>

  					<input type="text" name="age">

  				</td>

  			</tr>

  			<tr>

  				<td>birthday:</td>

  				<td>

  					<input type="text" name="birthday">

  				</td>

  			</tr>

  			<tr>

  				<td colspan="2">

  					<s:submit value="注册"></s:submit>

  				</td>

  			</tr>

   	</form>

  </body>

如果不输入userName, age输入为abc,会提示 • Invalid field value for field “age”. • username is empty

1. 其中Invalid field value for field “age” 信息是struts2通过内置的类型转换器进行类型转换时,如果不能成功转换, struts2框架自动生成一条错误信息，并将该错误信息放到addFieldError里面,这种默认的输出信息格式是在 xwork-2.0.4.jar中定义的. com/opensymphony/xwork2/xwork-messages.properties文件中有一条xwork.default.invalid.fieldvalue=Invalid field value for field “{0}”.

2. 这是一种全局的错误提示方式,整个系统中只要是字段类型转换错误都会这样提示,我们也可以改变这种输出格式,只要在全局的国际资源文件中重写xwork.default.invalid.fieldvalue就可以了.

实现方式: 在struts.xml中加入<constant name=”struts.custom.i18n.resources” value=”messageResource”></constant> 或者也可以在struts.properties中加入struts.custom.i18n.resources=messageResource 指定国际化资源文件名为messageResource. Properties

新建messageResource. Properties资源文件并添加数据xwork.default.invalid.fieldvalue={0} failure 修改之后字段类型转换错误提示为 : {0} failure

3 所有的类型转换失败后,struts2会将基本类型设置为0,对象类型设置为null,这里的age的类型为Integer,当类型转换失败age值为null,如果age的类型为int,那么转换失败后值为0

4.这种提示信息不够友好,也可以定义局布的提示信息,为每一个Action新建一个properties文件,文件名为XXX.properties(Action名.properties)

实现方式:新建RegistAction.properties并添加 invalid.fieldvalue.age=age error invalid.fieldvalue.birthday=birthday error 其中age和birthday分别为字段的名称
四. Struts2也提供类似BaseDispatchAction的功能

Java代码

package com;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class Regist2Action extends ActionSupport {
private String userName;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String regist() throws Exception {
System.out.println(“注册成功-regist”);
return SUCCESS;
}
public void validateRegist() {
if(userName.equals(“”)){
addFieldError(“userName”, “请输入用户名-registValidate”);
}
}
}

package com;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class Regist2Action extends ActionSupport {

	private String userName;

	public String getUserName() {

		return userName;

	}

	public void setUserName(String userName) {

		this.userName = userName;

	}

	public String regist() throws Exception {

		System.out.println("注册成功-regist");

		return SUCCESS;

	}

	public void validateRegist() {

		if(userName.equals("")){

			addFieldError("userName", "请输入用户名-registValidate");

		}

	}

}

Xml代码

<action name=”regist2″ class=”com.Regist2Action” method=”regist”>
<result name=”success”>/welcome.jsp</result>
<result name=”input”>/regist2.jsp</result>
</action>

<action name="regist2" method="regist">

    		<result name="success">/welcome.jsp</result>

    		<result name="input">/regist2.jsp</result>

 </action>

指定了method为regist,当请求时会执行regist(),不会再去执行默认的execute()方法了, validateRegist()方法是专门针对regist校验的.(格式为validate+方法名)

struts2-validate.rar (3.3 MB)
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