linux+nginx+tomcat负载均衡，实现session同步

花了一个上午的时间研究nginx+tomcat的负载均衡测试，集群环境搭建比较顺利，但是session同步的问题折腾了几个小时才搞定，现把我的过程贴上来，以备用。
软件及环境是：
虚拟机上装centos 5.5
IP为：192.168.0.51 装上nginx和tomcat 6.0.32 命名为 Tomcat1
一台win7上装tomcat 6.0.32 IP为：192.168.0.50 命名为 Tomcat2

首先装nginx，我是参照http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v6/ 配了一个Nginx + PHP（FastCGI）环境，然后再加上Tomcat的转发。
我的nginx.conf 修改如下
#######################################################################
#
# This is the main Nginx configuration file.
#
# More information about the configuration options is available on
# * the English wiki – http://wiki.nginx.org/Main
# * the Russian documentation – http://sysoev.ru/nginx/
#
#######################################################################

#———————————————————————-
# Main Module – directives that cover basic functionality
#
# http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpMainModule
#
#———————————————————————-

user nginx;
worker_processes 8;

error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;
#error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log notice;
#error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log info;

pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
#———————————————————————-
# Events Module
#
# http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpEventsModule
#
#———————————————————————-

events {
worker_connections 10240;
}
#———————————————————————-
# HTTP Core Module
#
# http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpCoreModule
#
#———————————————————————-

http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

log_format main ‘$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] “$request” ‘
‘$status $body_bytes_sent “$http_referer” ‘
‘”$http_user_agent” “$http_x_forwarded_for”‘;

access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32K;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on;

gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.1;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

upstream tserver {
server 192.168.0.51:8080 weight=1;
server 192.168.0.50:8080 weight=1;
}

#
# The default server
#
server {
listen 80;
server_name _;

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
{
root /www/ROOT;
#fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}

location ~ \.(jsp|jspx|do|htm)?$ {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://tserver;#转向tomcat处理
}

location ~ (/dwr/)? {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_pass http://tserver;#转向tomcat处理
}
location / {
root /www/ROOT;
index index.html index.jsp default.jsp index.do default.do;
}

error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /404.html {
root /www/ROOT;
}

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /www/ROOT;
}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache’s document root
# concurs with nginx’s one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}

# Load config files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

}

下一步是配置Tomcat集群。分别打开tomcat1和tomcat2下conf中server.xml
<Server port=”8005″ shutdown=”SHUTDOWN”>
<!– Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 –>
<Connector port=”8080″ maxHttpHeaderSize=”8192″
maxThreads=”150″ minSpareThreads=”25″ maxSpareThreads=”75″
enableLookups=”false” redirectPort=”8443″ acceptCount=”100″
connectionTimeout=”20000″ disableUploadTimeout=”true” />
<!– Define an AJP 1.3 Connector on port 8009 –>
<Connector port=”8009″ enableLookups=”false” redirectPort=”8443″ protocol=”AJP/1.3″ />

找到<Engine name=”Catalina” defaultHost=”localhost”>
Tomcat1下的修改为<Engine name=”Catalina” defaultHost=”localhost” jvmRoute=”tomcat1″>
Tomcat2下的修改为<Engine name=”Catalina” defaultHost=”localhost” jvmRoute=”tomcat2″>

tomcat1找到
<Cluster className=”org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster”/>
修改为
<Cluster className=”org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster”
channelSendOptions=”6″>

<ClusterListener className=”org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener”/>
<ClusterListener className=”org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener”/>
</Cluster>
tomcat2找到
<Cluster className=”org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster”/>
修改为
<Cluster className=”org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster”
channelSendOptions=”6″>

还需要在程序的web.xml里面</web-app>前面加入以下这句话
<distributable/>
session同步到这里设置完毕

服务器的启动顺序如下:
tomcat1 –> |tomcat2 –> |nginx
先启动tocmat1,等tomcat1启动完全的时候再启动tomcat2，等两个tocmat全启动之后，再启动nginx

负载的时候可以用APACHE或NGINX，如果什么都不用，两台一接防问了话，可能会出错极session不同步的问题，网上也很多人介意不要做seeeion同步，这样会降低机器的性能，有一个方法可以，就是NGINX的ip_hash,这样至少可以保证客户端去防问同一台TOCMAT，除非那台TOCMAT挂了

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红颜丽人

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linux+nginx+tomcat负载均衡，实现session同步

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